GMAT申友阅读RC题库-The author asserts which of the following about Arboria’s trade policy?-OG2022-真题答案解析

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Arboria is floundering in the global marketplace, incurring devastating losses in market position and profits. The problem is not Arboria’s products, but Arboria’s trade policy. Arboria faces the prospect

of continuing economic loss until Arborian business and political leaders recognize the fundamental

differences between Arborian and foreign economic systems. Today the key trade issue is not free trade versus protectionism but diminishing trade versus expanding trade.

Arboria is operating with an obsolete trade policy, an artifact of the mid-1940s when Arboria and

Whorfland dominated the global economy, tariffs were the principal obstacle to trade, and Arborian

supremacy was uncontested in virtually all industries. In the intervening decades, economic circumstances have shifted radically. Arborian trade policy has not.

Today, Arboria’s trade policy seems paralyzed by the relentless conflict between proponents of “free” and “fair” trade. The free traders argue that

Arborian markets should be open, and the movement of goods and services across national borders unrestrained. The fair traders assert that access to

Arborian markets should be restricted until Arborian businesses are granted equal access to foreign markets. They contend that free trade is impossible

while other nations erect barriers to Arborian exports.

Both are correct: fair trade requires equal access and equal access leads to free trade. But both sides base their positions on the same two outdated premises:

1.Global commerce is conducted under the terms of

the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and dominated by Arboria and similar economic

systems abroad.

2.Multilateral negotiations are the most effective way to resolve pressing trade issues.

Both assumptions are wrong. The 40-year-old GATT

now covers less than 7 percent of global commerce. World trade is no longer dominated by the free-

trade economies; nearly 75 percent is conducted by economic systems operating with principles at odds with those of Arboria. Forging a multilateral trade policy consensus among so many diverse

economic systems has become virtually impossible. And while multilateral talks drag on, Arboria misses opportunities for trade expansion.

The author asserts which of the following about Arboria’s trade policy?

A. A dramatic revision of Arboria’s trade policy will be necessary unless Arborian manufacturers improve the quality of their goods.

B. The most crucial issue facing Arborian trade policymakers is that of free trade versus protectionism.

C. Arboria’s current trade policy was essentially developed during the 1940s and has changed little since that time.

D. Arboria’s trade policy is widely emulated throughout the world, to the extent that most international commerce is modeled on Arboria’s principles.

E. Arboria’s trade policy has evolved gradually over the last eighty years, constantly readjusting itself in response to shifts in global commerce.

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答案：

This questio

n asks us to identify something stated in the passage—though not necessarily in the exact words given. We should look for the statement that is the most precise paraphrase of a statement made in the passage.

A. Although the passage indicates that some revision of Arborian trade policy is needed,

the passage does not indicate that such a revision would be unnecessary if the quality of Arborian manufactures improved.

B. The passage states: “Today the key trade issue is not free trade versus protectionism.”

C. Correct. The passage states that the current trade policy is obsolete and “an artifact of the mid-1940s,” and adds that although ecoomic circumstances have changed, Arborian trade policy has not.

D. The passage states: “nearly 75 percent [of world trade] is conducted by economic systems operating with principles at odds with those of Arboria.”

E. The passage does not state that this is so; in fact, it emphasizes the lack of change over the previous 40 years in Arborian trade policy and the absence of readjustment in

response to significant changes in conditions affecting global trade.