GMAT申友阅读RC题库-Which of the following best describes the function of the first sentence of the second paragraph of the passage? -精选题库-真题答案解析

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Why firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plans is poorly understood. However, theory and limited research suggest that

the process through which such plans emerge may play a part. In particular, top management decision-sharing—consensus oriented, team-based decision-making—may increase the likelihood that firms will adhere to their plans, because those involved in the decision-making may be more committed to the chosen course of action, thereby increasing the likelihood that organizations will subsequently adhere to their plans.

However, the relationship between top management decision sharing and adherence to plans may be affected by a strategic mission (its fundamental approach to increasing sales revenue and market share, and generating cash flow and short-term profits). At one end of the strategic mission continuum, “build” strategies are pursued when a firm desires to increase its market share and is to sacrifice short-term profits to do so. At the other end, “harvest” strategies are used when a firm is to sacrifice market share for short-term profitability and maximization. Research and theory suggest that top management decision-sharing may have a more positive relationship with adherence to plans among firms with harvest strategies than among firms with build strategies. In a study of strategic practices in several large firms, managers in harvest strategy scenarios were more able to adhere to their business plans. As one of the managers in the study explained it, this is partly because “typically all a manager has to do [when implementing a harvest strategy] is that which was done last year.” Additionally, managers under harvest strategies may have fewer strategic options than do those under build strategies; it may therefore be easier to reach agreement on a particular course of action through decision-sharing, which will in turn tend to promote adherence to plans. Conversely, in a “build” strategy scenario, individual leadership, rather than decision-sharing, may promote adherence to plans. Build strategies—which typically require leaders with strong personal visions for a future, rather than the negotiated compromise of the team-based decision—may be most closely adhered to when implemented in the context of a clear strategic vision of an individual leader, rather than through the practice of decision-sharing.

Which of the following best describes the function of the

first sentence of the second paragraph of the passage?

A.To answer a question posed in the first sentence of the passage about why firms adopt particular strategic missions

B.To refute an argument made in the first paragraph about how top management decision-making affects whether firms will adhere to their strategic plans

C.To provide evidence supporting a theory introduced in the first paragraph about what makes firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plans

D.To qualify an assertion made in the preceding sentence about how top management decision—making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans

E.To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph regarding two different kinds of strategic missions

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1.Why firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plans is poorly understood. 1. 提出问题 (1)However, theory and limited research suggest that the process through which such plans emerge may play a part. (1)给出第一个答案：process through plans 产生play a Part. (2)In particular, top management decision-sharing—consensusoriented, team-based decision-making—may increase the likelihood that firms will adhere to their plans, because those involved in the decision-making may be more committed to the chosen course of action, thereby increasing the likelihood that organizations will subsequently adhere to their plans. (2)进一步给出答案：management decision-sharing may increase likelyhood that firm adhere to plans. 原因是... 2.讲到 top management decision sharing and adherence to plans之间的关系影响因素---strategic mission (1)“build" strategies --- increase market share ---sacrifice short-term profits (1)BS是牺牲短期利益来增加市场份额。 (2)“harvest" strategies ---sacrifice market share--- for short-term profitability and Maximization (2)HS是牺牲市场份额来获得短期利益最大化。 (3)decision-sharing---positive relationship with adherence to plans --- harvest strategies than among firms with build strategies. （3）decision sharing是能坚持计划的，在HS中，相比BS中。 (3.1) managers in harvest strategy scenarios ---more able to adhere to their business plans. because “typically all a manager has to do [when implementing a harvest strategy] is that which was done last year.” （3.1）HS:坚持plans,原因 (3.2)Additionally, managers under harvest strategies ---fewer strategic options than do those under build strategies ---be easier to reach agreement --- through decision-sharing---tend to promote adherence to plans. （3.2）HS很少能选择策略，更容易达成一致，在decision sharing过程中-更能坚持plans. (4)Conversely, in a “build" strategy scenario, individual leadership--- rather than decision-sharing---may promote adherence to plans. (4)BS-个人领导会促进坚持plans (4.1)Build strategies—require leaders with strong personal visions for a future,---rather than the negotiated compromise of the team-based decision—may be most closely adhered to vision of an individual leader---rather than through the practice of decision-sharing. (4.1)BS要求leaders有很强的个人魅力，不妥协，由自己独裁为主第二段第一句话：（主要讲他们关系之间的影响因素是S mission） A.why firms adopt particular strategic missions没有说为什么会采取不同missions,只是提出来影响因素 B. To refute an argument没有反驳 C. To provide evidence 没有证据 D. To an assertion made in the preceding sentence about how top management decision—making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans就是那句话的统一转化 E. To explain a distinction没有解释不同